Ethics Playing A Role In Modern Graphic Design Media Essay

Morals Playing A Role In Modern Graphic Design Media Essay Without a doubt, visual depiction is an essential part of todays society. It has gotten progressively associated with different fields, fuelling the market-and benefit situated divisions as opposed to satisfying the underlying point of unadulterated creative impression. That was quite a while back however. The cutting edge patterns direct to deliver more, advance more, purchase more and that way, a fashioner turns into a doll governed by showcasing experts and publicizing organizations. Along these lines, a creator turns into an instrument of industrialism with power and may to change the impression of open. Be that as it may, there are more issues to be tended to when discussing the significance of morals in visual computerization social duty, green structure, subconscious publicizing, the morals of correcting, and some more. Truth be told, it very well may be said that visual communication as we probably am aware it these days is obviously being characterized by the contemporary condition of society and without a doubt, the other way around too. Where the general public would be without visual computerization? Where the visual depiction would be if the originators would not have to follow the desires of promoting and publicizing division? With the force the originators have, they can without much of a stretch beat provincial limits and impact the perspectives and estimations of society around the world. Unfortunately, huge numbers of them don't consider the huge effect they are able to do; does that imply that morals ought not assume a job in current visual computerization? With the improvement of advancements, the planners scope keeps continually changing, just as its impact on the general public. What probably won't have been an issue 60 years after the fact may now be viewed as a genuine issue. In this paper, I will talk about the importance of following the moral standards in the field of visual computerization. I will pinpoint the significance of it through contacting principle recorded occasions and the change of society, which in the end lead to discharging the First Things First Manifesto; I will talk about the job of planner in todays society and impacts of subconscious publicizing and modifying on the crowd. To wrap things up, I will quickly contact the impact of architects on environmental manageability thus called green structure. As per Jessica Helfand, visual communication is visual language joining congruity and parity, shading and light, scale and pressure, structure and substance. Be that as it may, it is additionally a colloquial language, a language of signs and plays on words and images and implications, of social references and perceptual surmisings that challenge both the mind and the eye (Shaugnessy, 2005, p. 18). Nonetheless, this somewhat smooth proclamation doesn't think about the way that in past decades, structure has gotten all the more a financial device for producing benefit and that is definitely where the morals, virtues and standards come in. Despite the fact that morals can be basically characterized as a control worried about what is ethically acceptable and terrible, good and bad (Encyclopã ¦dia Britannica Online, 2010), the assortment of moral angles in configuration extraordinarily surpasses this understanding. Remembering that visual depiction is a non-verbal medium, a fashioner for the most part acts just as an arbiter between the customer and possible crowd. Be that as it may, structure requires solid relational abilities and social mindfulness, yet additionally firm moral and aesthetical convictions. In actuality, plan is a social action with social outcomes (Shaugnessy, 2009). Truth be told, morals in visual communication could be taken a gander at from two unique perspectives individual and expert (GD Users Manual). While individual viewpoints reflect creators virtues, standards, and individual way of thinking, the expert ones are focused for the most part around business code, in this manner the organization between an architect and a customer. Despite the fact that the conversation and mindfulness about the business part of morals in configuration have risen altogether in past years, there has not been sufficient investigation and thought of its ethical side. One of the key variables to impact visual computerization is that it is a moderately free order (Shaugnessy, 2009). While a large portion of different fields are here and there (what way?) managed, the ethical side of visual computerization is left to be managed by the creators themselves. That, as it has been referenced as of now, requires firm moral standards. Visual computerization in its own inclination is proximate to the moral inquiries and issues the general public appearances right now; along these lines it is inferred in social change. Extending from basic entitlements, an Earth-wide temperature boost and sustenance to legislative issues, smoking and working environment brutality, visual depiction as a specialized device is consistently present. In any case, that renders an inquiry whether the fashioners are the ones to acclaim or fault for the issues and changes inside the general public. Kalle Lasn, the organizer of the counter consumerist Adbusters magazine, took this per spective at his discussion at the Royal College of Art, London (Dudley and Mealing, 2000). First of all 2000 pronouncement (FTF2000), which followed the unbelievable 1964 declaration of a similar name, manages a need of virtues in visual depiction and visual correspondence. All the 33 undersigned fashioners and craftsmanship executives take a serious firm substitute this issue by asserting that visual computerization has gone excessively far from its unique qualities and wound up being a glaring promoting and publicizing device for creating benefit. That in certainty reflects not just in the way how individuals see visual communication, yet in addition in a way the general public acts, thinks and feels. First of all 2000: A Design Manifesto We, the undersigned, are visual creators, workmanship chiefs and visual communicators who have been brought up in a world wherein the procedures and mechanical assembly of promoting have tirelessly been introduced to us as the most worthwhile, powerful and alluring utilization of our abilities. Many plan educators and guides advance this conviction; the market rewards it; a tide of books and distributions fortifies it. Supported toward this path, creators at that point apply their aptitude and creative mind to sell hound bread rolls, planner espresso, precious stones, cleansers, hair gel, cigarettes, Mastercards, shoes, butt toners, light lager and uncompromising recreational vehicles. Business work has consistently taken care of the tabs, yet numerous visual creators have now allowed it to become, in enormous measure, what visual originators do. This, thus, is the means by which the world sees structure. The callings time and vitality is spent assembling interest for things that are inessential, best case scenario. Huge numbers of us have become progressively awkward with this perspective on plan. Architects who give their endeavors fundamentally to publicizing, showcasing and brand advancement are supporting, and verifiably embracing, a psychological situation so immersed with business messages that it is changing the very way resident purchasers talk, think, feel, react and interface. Somewhat we are for the most part helping draft a reductive and endlessly destructive code of open talk. There are interests increasingly deserving of our critical thinking aptitudes. Uncommon natural, social and social emergencies request our consideration. Numerous social intercessions, social advertising efforts, books, magazines, presentations, instructive devices, TV programs, films, worthy missions and other data configuration extends critically need our ability and support. We propose an inversion of needs for progressively helpful, enduring and popularity based types of correspondence a mindshift away from item showcasing and toward the investigation and creation of another sort of significance. The extent of discussion is contracting; it must extend. Commercialization is running uncontested; it must be tested by different points of view communicated, to a limited extent, through the visual dialects and assets of structure. In 1964, 22 visual communicators marked the first require our abilities to be put to beneficial use. With the unstable development of worldwide business culture, their message has just developed increasingly earnest. Today, we reestablish their declaration in desire that no more decades will go before it is acknowledged. What could get conceivable if originators utilized their capacity to impact decisions and convictions in a positive and manageable manner? (Berman, p. 13) The crucial message of FTF2000 is to structure for good. In any case, great and terrible are still exceptionally obscure terms and since no aides exist on this theme, it relies on a planner whether they decide to work for a specific customer, utilize messy showcasing rehearses or advance conceivably hurtful, negative and adverse items. That being the situation, one might say that plan and morals go connected at the hip and structure for good is in reality a matter of decision. Visual planners like Tibor Kalman roused the creators to assume liability for their works. All through his vocation, he encouraged fashioners to scrutinize the impacts of their works and decline to acknowledge any customers item precisely the manner in which it gives off an impression of being. Kalman enlivened visual planners to utilize their work to build open consciousness of an assortment of social issues. (Milton Glaser Big Think) Without a doubt, structure has sway on society and changes inside it. From the extraordinary perspective, it may appear that clients are completely powerless against the messages imparted by creators, and in this way acknowledge the data consequently and act appropriately. Administrative codes inside visual computerization The basic piece of this issue is guideline. Creators are not obliged to withstand any codes, aside from the most basic ones like constitution, and the opportunity of their calling makes them amazingly powerless against moral inquiries. In different fields, eg. film industry, it is very basic that an incomparable body controls and surveys the appropriateness and fitness of specific scenes. In the event that the kids shouldn't see a scene which includes brutality, demise, or sex, it is okay for them to see a realistic enemy of premature birth bulletin, envisioning a prematurely ended hatchling in a puddle

Bald Eagle Facts

Bald Eagle Facts For quite a long time, the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) was an otherworldly image for the local individuals who lived in the United States. In 1782, it was assigned as the national image of the U.S., yet it almost got wiped out during the 1970s because of unlawful chasing and the impacts of DDT harming. Recuperation endeavors and more grounded government insurance guaranteed that this huge raptor is not, at this point imperiled and keeps on making a solid rebound. Quick Facts: The Bald Eagle Logical Name: Haliaeetus leucocephalusCommon Names: Bald Eagle, Eagle, American Bald EagleBasic Animal Group: BirdSize: 35â€42 inches longWingspan: 5.9â€7.5 feetWeight: 6.6â€14 poundsLifespan: 20 years (in the wild)Diet: CarnivoreHabitat: enormous, open lakes and streams in the United States and Canada, especially in Florida, Alaska andâ the MidwestPopulation: 700,000Conservation Status: Least Concern Depiction The bald eagles head may seem bare, yet its really shrouded in white plumes. To be sure, its name is really derivedâ from a more seasoned name and significance of white-headed. The uncovered heads of develop bald eagles balance forcefully with their chocolate earthy colored bodies. They have an exceptionally enormous, yellow, thick bill with an upperâ mandibleâ that is emphatically snared. The feathered creature is commonly 35 to 42 inches in length with a wingspan that can develop to 7 feet or more. The head, neck, and tail of bald eagles are brilliant, plain white, however more youthful winged animals may show spotting. Their eyes, bill, legs, and feet are yellow, and their blackâ talonsâ are thick and amazing. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/0TqNhc0pLNHpPZmFys_eau4UEgg=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-974179984-95a8cbbb56a54b5789f02b96b771c287.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/De0iiWqkfn-sPvSXrau6wIitVTI=/755x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-974179984-95a8cbbb56a54b5789f02b96b771c287.jpg 755w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/j6geydTj0dfaZpIknpU-2NEihLs=/1210x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-974179984-95a8cbbb56a54b5789f02b96b771c287.jpg 1210w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/3yxsvWXjHBdsHaJKOnyHM7p986Y=/2121x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-974179984-95a8cbbb56a54b5789f02b96b771c287.jpg 2121w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/fRATz9CwuixjO05iCf9uWCtg70g=/2121x1414/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-974179984-95a8cbbb56a54b5789f02b96b771c287.jpg src=//:0 alt=Bald hawk (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) flying and eating fish, Homer, Alaska, USA class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-8 information following container=true /> Buck Shreck/Getty Images Living space and Range The bald eagles go ranges from Mexico to the vast majority of Canada and it incorporates the entirety of the mainland U.S. They can be found in a wide range of environments, from the inlets of Louisiana to the deserts of California to the deciduous timberlands of New England. It is the main ocean bird that is endemic (local) to North America. Diet and Behavior Bald eagles eat fish-and everything without exception else-yet fish make up most of their eating routine. The winged creatures have additionally been known to eat other water feathered creatures, for example, grebes, herons, ducks, coots, geese, and egrets, just as well evolved creatures, for example, bunnies, squirrels, raccoons, muskrats, and even deer grovels. Turtles, reptiles, snakes, and crabs as make for delectable bald eagle snacks also. Bald eagles have likewise been known to take prey from different predators (a training known as kleptoparasitism), to search corpses of different creatures, and to take food from landfills or campsites. In different words, if a bald eagle can get it in its claws, it will eat it. Proliferation and Offspring Bald eagles mate from late September to early April, contingent upon the locale. The female lays her first egg five to 10 days in the wake of mating and broods the eggs for around 35 days. They produce one to three eggs, which is known as the grip size. At the point when initially brought forth, bald eagle chicks are secured with soft white down yet rapidly become bigger and create develop quills. Adolescent flying creatures have mottled earthy colored and whiteâ plumageâ and don't get the unmistakable white head and tail until they are 4 to 5 years of age when they are explicitly adult and ready to mate. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/p3Xh53ERVB96dclKCsC1KMNNrIc=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-956548912-4b4f3ce927e2476d89e29398c7ace808.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/QttiU5ajyo2knmerqqJ1h0qlyuw=/1125x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-956548912-4b4f3ce927e2476d89e29398c7ace808.jpg 1125w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/8WS0zyrL2FuRSWviQ75YzL-MKD4=/1950x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-956548912-4b4f3ce927e2476d89e29398c7ace808.jpg 1950w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/7ooZR6f-C3kY6ayFhoCBOYqcMKo=/3600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-956548912-4b4f3ce927e2476d89e29398c7ace808.jpg 3600w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/BtX4-CI86_Lz2iCOmtH-uFpBT2U=/3600x2574/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-956548912-4b4f3ce927e2476d89e29398c7ace808.jpg src=//:0 alt=Mother Bald Eagle Returning to the Baby Eaglet in the Nest class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-22 information following container=true /> Marcia Straub/Getty Images Dangers Bald eagles today are undermined by poaching and unplanned or conscious shootings, just as different dangers toâ raptorsâ including contamination, impacts with wind turbines or electrical cables, sullying of their food supplies and environment loss. Lead poisoningâ from angling baits and disposed of projectile housings is additionally a grave danger to bald eagles and other enormous raptors. Protection Status The International Union for Conservation of Nature records the bald eagles protection status as least concern and says its populace is expanding. Nonetheless, bald eagles were seriously influenced by pesticides, particularly DDT, which was generally utilized after World War II. The once-touted pesticide harmed bald eagles and made their eggshells become slim, bringing about many fizzled settling endeavors, as per the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. Because of their waning numbers, the bald eagle was put on the government rundown of jeopardized species in 1967 and the California imperiled species list in 1971. Notwithstanding, after the utilization of DDT was prohibited in the United States in 1972, in number endeavors to reestablish these winged creatures were fruitful and the bald eagle was expelled from the imperiled species list in 2007. Sources â€Å"Bald Eagle Overview, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology.†Ã‚ Overview, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology.â€Å"Bald Eagle.†Ã‚ National Geographic, 21 Sept. 2018.â€Å"Bald Eagles in California. California Department of Fish and Wildlife.â€Å"Basic Facts About Bald Eagles.†Ã‚ Defenders of Wildlife, 10 Jan. 2019.â€Å"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.†Ã‚ IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

A Handmaids Tale essays

A Handmaids Tale papers IN THE NOVEL THE HANDMAIDS TALE BY MARGRET ATWOOD, A SOCIETY IS CREATED WHERE GOD AND GOVERNMENT ARE JOINED;AND AMERICA WHICH IS NOW GILEAD,IS RUN WITH EXTREME STRICTNESS OF RELIGIOUS AND MORAL DUTIES.ATWOOD POSITS A FUTURE SOCIETY BASED ON SEXUAL REPRESSION.THERE IS A SOCIETY IN WHICH THE MAN IS ENFORCES RULERSHIP BUT THE WOMEN MAKE ALL THE OTHER DECISIONS.IT IS A SOCIETY IN WHICH THEY LIVE LITERALLY ON GENISIS CHAPTER 30:1-6.THIS IS A VERY DISTURBING NOVEL IT SUGGESTS A FUTURE WHERE SOCIETY, AND THE RULERS ARE TYRANNICAL. ATWOOD POSITS A FUTURE SOCIETY BASED ON SEXUAL REPRESSION.IN THE BOOK HANDMAIDS ARE GIVEN NAMES LIKE OFWARREN AND OFGLEN WHICH ARE COMPOSED OF POSSESIVE PREPOSITION.(PAGE 19)THE NAMES WERE TAKEN BY THOSE WOMEN UPON THEIR ENTRY INTO THE HOUSEHOLD OF A CERTAIN COMMANDER.THE WOMEN OR THE HANDMAIDS MUST LISTEN AND OBEY THE COMMANDERS WIFE.MEN AND WOMEN ARE NOT ALLOWED TO TALK TO EACH OTHER EXCEPT WHENTHEY ARE TOLD.THE CLOTHING WORN BY WOMEN IN OUR Current TIME CANNOT BE WORN IT IS FORBIDDEN AND CONSIDERED DIRTY, THE WOMEN MUST BE FULLY CLOTHED EXCEPT FOR THEIR FACE AND THEIR THE FORMER UNITED STATES NOW REPUBLIC OF GILEAD,IS RUN WITH Severe RELIGIOUS AND MORAL DUTIES.THE PEOPLE HAVE TO PRAY DAILY,IN THE MORNING AND IN THE NIGHT.IN THIS NOVEL THE GOVERNMENT TRIES TO FOLLLOW GOD BUT THEY DO NOT FOLLOW IT IN THE WAYS GOD WANTED US TO;THEY TAKE THE BIBLE LITERALLY.THE BOOK ALSO SHOWS THE HARSH Truth OF THE WAY OUR SOCIETY IS LIVING ESPECIALLY WOMEN.IT SHOWS THAT WE DO NOT NOTICE THE WAY THAT OUR SOCIETY ACTS,DRESSES AND BEHAVES.DEEP FEELINGS OF OUR MORALITY AS HUMANS ARE PRESENTED. IN THIS BOOK,ATWOOD CREATES A SOCIETY WHERE MEN ENFORCE RULERSHIP, BUT WOMEN MAKE ALL OTHER CHOICES.IN THE NOVEL MEN ARE ... <!

The Impact Of Social Media In Contemporary Business Communication - 2200 Words

The Impact Of Social Media In Contemporary Business Communication (Essay Sample) Content: THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONNameInstitutionTutorCourseDate of submissionIntroductionCommunication is the process by which people exchange information, ideas or opinions either through spoken or written words, in actions or in symbols. Communication should be dialogue as opposed to monologue. For communication to be termed effective, it must mean the same thing and perceived same way by the receiver as well as the sender. Business communication therefore, is any form of communication between the organization and the public with the aim of promoting a product or service in order to enhance sales (Wardrope, p. 65). A thousand years ago, means of communication was oral. But with the introduction of technology in business, it changed the whole face of communication. Social media such as Facebook, Emails, Instagram, Websites, You Tube, Skype and so on, have become the new tools for communication in organizations. Social media has impacte d positively to the growth of organizations through effective communication (Mangold and Faulds, p. 365). Nevertheless, though minimal, negative impacts of social media have been revealed. This paper therefore discusses the impact (both negative and positive) of social media in contemporary business communication.Types of business communicationInternal and external communication, are the two most common types of business communication. Internal communication involves passage of information amongst the employees and the internal management. It creates a conducive working environment, increasing job satisfaction, productivity, safety, profits and also reducing employees grievances (Proctor and Doukakis, p. 273). External communication on the other hand, its whereby the organization communicates with the public such as customers, stakeholders, government and vendors. Effective external communication improves the corporate image, public goodwill, operational efficiency, sales volume, pr ofits and the overall performance (Smidts et al., p. 1056) hence helping the company to achieve its goals.Communication change over the last yearsSocial media in general its more than Twitter and Facebook as many perceive. In old days, means of communication was via drums, fire and smoke. Then came the introduction of regular postal system in the 18th and 19th century. Also during this era, telegraph, pneumatic post, telephone and radio were introduced which enabled faster communication among organizations and the people. In the 20th century there was extensive use of emails, UseNet and bloggers. In the current 21st century, the field of social media has progressed so much that has brought extensive change in business communication. With the introduction of Wikipedia in the year 2001, LinkedIn in 2003, YouTube in 2005, twitter in 2006 and Google Plus in 2011, business communication has been revolutionized (Gupta et al., p. 161). Many organizations are now relying much on the social media to carry out their operations and to communicate with the public due to the increasing use of social media by the public.Communication is key in building a positive image of a company. The perception the general public has about a certain organization will determine its success or failure. With the increasing use of social media in business today, effective communication between the public and the organization is made possible which gives the organization an opportunity to market itself. Social media gives an organization a networking site where they can build a social relation with the public. Interacting with the public enables the company to get feedback which they can use to improve on their operations. In Australia, three quarter of the people are on social media and this shows that communication via the social media can enhance success of the business.Challenges facing business in communication in the 21st centurySince communication is key for any smooth operations of a company, it needs to be taken as an important aspect for business success. Ineffective communication, may cause business failure if instant remedy is not put into action. Despite the benefits that social media has brought in businesses today, there are some challenges faced by the organizations. Many are times when a certain project does not work, you will hear management say it was due to communication problem.Integration of all departmental matters into one voice becomes a major problem when tackling marketing strategies. Promotion and marketing determines how much sales and profits a company will make. Due to social media, marketing now days is done online where you advertise the companys product and receive the customers feedback. However, it is important to integrate all information from every department (Macnamara and Zerfass, p. 301) so as not to give conflicting information to the public.Accidental release of confidential organization information is another challenge that bu sinesses are facing today. When confidential information falls in the hands of the wrong people, the reputation of the organization is destroyed as well as other companys receiving a competitive advantage (Molok et al., p. 38). In the old days, this was a rare mistake since if it was a letter sent to the wrong address, it would be retrieved and spread of information contained.Tracking of misleading and negative statement about the company is also a big issue. When a company posts on Facebook for instance about their product, there is a huge follow up and responses about the customers views. These are both positive and negative comments but what matters most to the company, its the negative statement. The negative feedback acts as an eye opener to business opportunities and the management should respond immediately so as to prevent widespread of negative word about the company.Benefits social media has brought to businessEvery person can acknowledge the fact that social media has cha nged the way business tasks are done now days. There is better communication with the public and especially the customers. Social media has enhanced communication and sharing of information has been made easier. Customers can express their views about the product and services offered by the company (Kaplan and Haenlein, p. 65). Increase in online reviews has enabled organization to learn from their customers areas of improvement.Social media has also made businesses to go global by increasing cross-border relations. 20 years ago it was difficult, costly and time consuming to find buyers and suppliers overseas. However, now days, business world has been globalized and made a small village. One can order any product and it will be delivered at their convenience. Social media has also made the operations of organizations easy. It acts as an interactive medium, it bridges communication gap and acts as a source of information (Treem and Leonardi, p. 156). It is also a customer interactio n tool, enables faster sharing of information, a crisis communication tool as well as a marketing tool.Role of social media in business operations- a case study of StarbucksStarbucks has grown global over the years and its the largest operating coffee retail company in the whole world. It operates its business over the social media such as Facebook (https://Starbucks), blog (http:// starbucksgossip.com/), twitter (http://twitter.com/starbucks) and community online (http://mystarbucksidea.force.com/) sites to interact with their customers. Starbucks has 34 million likes on Facebook and 3.6 million followers on twitter (Chua and Banerjee, p. 243). Social media has grown tremendously in business operations because they have unique advantages over the traditional media. Apart from the many advantages of social media, there are some crises that social media can bring to an organization. In 2012 for instance, Starbucks suffered a major crisis in Argentina where there was a temporary suppl y shortage and in their tweet they said they would use only the non-branded supply from Argentina. This created a huge uproar from the customers which made the company to apologizeAnother case that was handled so well using social media by Starbuck was the cochineal situation. In march 2012, they announced the use of cochineal extract in most of the beverages of Starbucks such as strawberry Frappuccino through their blog known as (Nelson et al., p. 324). The information gathered a lot of negative criticism from the vegetarians and therefore the company had to use social media platforms to solve the issue. They explained how the cochineal had no health risk since its a natural ingredient and it was also approved by FDA (food and drug administration). Later on when the fuzzy about the issue didnt cool down, they announced that they would replace it with tomato extract. This clearly shows, how use of social media can be able to solve issues arising from the customers (Gallaugher and R ansbotham, p. 5). and be of benefits to the organization.Starbucks becomes an appropriate case study since it established its stores in Australia and after a while, it did not thrive as expected. One of many reasons why the company failed in Australia is because they failed to communicate the brand. Contrary to the immerse use of social media in their operations, they failed to advertise their brand (Keller and Richey, 78) to the Australian people. They believed their stores would speak for themselves and get market. This shows the power social media has in ensuring success of product sale and capturing market.How social media is affecting business operationsSocial media has greatly influenced operations of Starbucks greatly. The company has globalized its operations, thanks to social media. It has extensively invested in social media and it has paid ...

Impact Of Economic Growth On The Economy Of Japan

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So Abe Shinzo was elected as the prime minister of Japan and he has tried to revive the economy under Abenomics; yet, its impacts on the real economyRead MoreEssay about Japanese Malaise793 Words   |  4 PagesTHE IMPACT OF SUPPLY-SIDE FACTORS ON JAPANESE ECONOMIC STAGNATION Japan’s ongoing economic stagnation for decades has provoked wider debate in the US. Along with the raise in unemployment rate and weak industrial production relative to other major industrial countries, the economic malaise in Japan was described as a lost decade. Studies have shown that Japanese economy suffers of severe problems that are not only cyclical but also structural in natureRead MoreThe Great East Japan Earthquakes Impact on the Japanese Financial System1576 Words   |  7 PagesGreat East Japan Earthquakes impact on the Japanese financial system Introduction Japan is located in an area where several tectonic plates meet. Earthquakes frequently strike the Japanese archipelago - minor tremors occur almost on a daily basis, while severe disasters - infrequently, yet they have had harsh consequences in terms of both direct and indirect impact on the economy, thus, on the financial system. Earthquakes are usually associated with devastation and losses, and Japan is no exception

Climate Change And Global Warming - 1433 Words

The Average temperature of the Earth have increased by 1.4  °F over the past 100 years, and it is expected to increase approximately another 2 to 11.5  °F over the next century. Little changes in the average temperature of the Earth can result into big and possibly to dangerous shifts in climate and weather. Rising temperatures around the world have been accompanied by differences in weather and climate. A lot of places have already seen changes in rainfall which resulted in an increase in floods, droughts, or intense rain, as well as more continual and dangerous heat waves. The Earth’s oceans and glaciers have also experienced some great changes - oceans are warming and becoming more acidic, ice caps are melting, and sea levels are rising. As these and other changes become more pronounced in the coming decades, they will likely present challenges to our society and our environment. Climate change has been a big debate in today’s world. At the center of this debate is the conflict over the cause of climate change, also referred to as global warming. Many argue that the climate is changing because of global industrialization, while others argue that climate changes occur in a cyclical pattern which has happened throughout the history of the planet. Approximately every 100,000 years Earth s climate warms up temporarily. These warm periods are called interglacial periods which lasts up to about 15,000 to 20,000 years before it returns back to a cold ice age climate. This leadsShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words   |  4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earth’s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. The rise in the earth’s temperature has caused some impact to the weather and climate changes to many places worldwide. 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Communication and Media Technology

Question: Discuss about the Communication and Media Technology. Answer: Introduction Vaishnavi and Kuechler (2015) states that communication technology helps people by simplifying the working procedure of their regular work by the developing modern technology in every field. Especially the high-school and university students are benefited most by the implementation of communication technology in their academic institute. Peeraer and Van Petegem (2012) depicted that these students can communicate with their mentors and can attend webinars for gathering more information relating with their syllabus. Proceeding in this way, the educational organization not only promotes digital literacy but it will also make the student more concern about the evolving technology (Bloom et al., 2014). In this essay, the effect of these communication technologies on the study of modern undergraduates will be explained along with some comparative examples by using relevant theoretical positions. Lastly, the assignment wraps up with the overall conclusion of the study. Discussion Communication technologies help people to communicate with each other in every field- business, social life and even in education.In conventional time, students have to present physically for attaining knowledge in the academic institutes; however, in recent times, there are facilities like distant education in which a student can pursue their education through internet and communication technology. Thus, Sarkar (2012) stated that irrespective of the geographical barriers and time, communication technology adds flexibility in the education system by enabling them to learn from anywhere in the world. 86% of the mentors in Europe affirmed that contemporary student gets more motivated to know by the implementation of the communication technology. Moreover, application of ICT technologies in education makes the undergraduate to learn about the basic functionalities of the computers and its concept. Gardenfors and Johansson (2014) illustrate that this knowledge will help them to proceed i n a generous way towards their education. Appropriate information and communication technology will raise awareness of the social impact of the technological change. In this assignment, the effect of communication technology for undergraduates in their education system is being heightened. Coelho and Segatto (2013) mentions that an undergraduate can search through various websites and search engines for their research work for their textual knowledge that is conventionally done only through by textbooks and library books. Proceeding in this way, the concerned students can develop their quality of education as these communication technologies support the students in challenging subject areas (Hashim 2015). Moreover, undergraduate students can learn about the different culture and different theory regarding a particular theory and can add relevant details in order to make their work more efficient. Exampling the scenario, if an assignment this given on the cultural values of Australia , the student can make the assignment more efficient by searching on the internet and appropriate statistical data for the development of the culture of the country. In this way, the student not only accomplishes their task with conventional data but by relevant statistical information for supporting the content of the writing. Peeraer and Van Petegem, (2012) illustrate these contemporary undergraduate students can able to improve their skill test and platform to creativity with the help of the Facebook, Twitter, i/Technologies and YouTube to enrich their creativity. Sarkar (2012.) furthermore added that these media would help media and communication literature undergraduates to search for study materials according to their level of understanding, which help them to develop their skills with the expertise advice. Gardenfors and Johansson (2014) demonstrate that all these factors develop the concept of the media psychology, which at one hand helps in to take the lecture faster than the conventional method, and on the other hand, can make them using other social networking sites during dull lectures. Undergraduate students can present their seminars or presentation related to their education materials by virtually present in the classroom. Social psychology is a branch in which the students learn how to interact with the people in their surrounding and neighbourhoods, however, Herselman and Botha, (2014) shows the advantage that people nowadays can communicate with distant people as they are doing with their mentors by sitting anywhere in the world. However Rienties et al. (2012) depict that these students are getting more distracted and have less communication with the locals as these information technology devices make them engage all the time even in the time when they are not studying. This reduces their level of interaction with other, which affect their verbal communication skills. Celik and Yesilyurt (2013) also highlighted that the students became more dependent on the machines rather than using their intellect ability to resolve a situation. With the regular use of machines and searching required stuff in the search engine, students cannot use their ideology for explaining anything based on their experience. Bates, (2014) depict that the advantages of communication technology the speed through which the educational information is provided to the undergraduate students. Moreover, the students that can help them in their education by researching enormous educational source and projects work. The webinars and distant lectures can be delivered in time to contemporary undergraduates in both of the case when the students are not present in the class and when the teachers are not available in the university infrastructure. Proceeding in this way, no single class is being cancelled and appropriate notes will efficiently be delivered to the learners. However, Page, (2013) negates that the development of communication technology affects the ability of student for direct communication. Thus, it becomes difficult for the mentors to understand individual's nature according to which they should customize the learning procedure so that everyone can understand the syllabus. () also affirm in the context of the growing development of the communication technology that in rural countries of developing nations, it is not possible for this distant education pursuing undergraduate students to afford for an adequate internet facility through they can accomplish their studies. In this way, they cannot able to attain notes as well as a concept useful for their examination and results in creating hassle in educational procedure. (Rienties et al. (2013) supports the advantage of using information and communication technology that a huge database is used along with the modern facility of the cloud computing technology for storing the students data and educational information that can be retrieved anytime in required times. On the other hand, Roztocki and Weistroffer (2015) negates that it is not safe that all the data are centralized under one database as anyone having the wrong intention can easily hack these details and deleted all the database. Conclusion Communication technology by simplifies the working procedure of regular work. In business, people use these technologies for accomplishing business projects. In the education system, students can diminish the socio-economic, geographical and linguistic barriers of the mentors and their classmates as they use the communication technology for a better outcome of their study. Students, who peruse distant education, can use these communication technologies by sitting in distance place. The students can also converse with their mentors by the utilization of the evolving technologies like Skype and Google. However, some pitfalls are also associated with these communication technologies as it diminishes the verbal communication with the nearby people as these students become more dependent on these technology devices. Some poor undergraduate student, who peruses distant education of developing counties also, cannot afford the internet cost, which will affect their studies. References Bates, T., 2014.The Role of Technology in Distance Education (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Bloom, N., Garicano, L., Sadun, R. and Van Reenen, J., 2014. The distinct effects of information technology and communication technology on firm organization.Management Science,60(12), pp.2859-2885. Celik, V. and Yesilyurt, E., 2013. Attitudes to technology, perceived computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety as predictors of computer supported education.Computers Education,60(1), pp.148-158. Coelho, T.R. and Segatto, A.P., 2013. Contribution of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) for development: a case study in Brazil. InProceedings of International Conference on Information Resources Management. Gardenfors, P. and Johansson, P. eds., 2014.Cognition, education, and communication technology. Routledge. Hashim, J., 2015. Information communication technology (ICT) adoption among SME owners in Malaysia.International Journal of Business and Information,2(2). Herselman, M. and Botha, A., 2014. Designing and implementing an Information Communication Technology for Rural Education Development (ICT4RED) initiative in a resource constraint environment: Nciba school district, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Page, T., 2013. Smartphone Technology, Consumer Attachment and Mass Customisation.International Journal of Green Computing (IJGC),4(2), pp.38-57. Peeraer, J. and Van Petegem, P., 2012. The limits of programmed professional development on integration of information and communication technology in education.Australasian Journal of Educational Technology,28(6), pp.1039-1056. Rienties, B., Brouwer, N. and Lygo-Baker, S., 2013. The effects of online professional development on higher education teachers' beliefs and intentions towards learning facilitation and technology.Teaching and Teacher Education,29, pp.122-131. Rienties, B., Kaper, W., Struyven, K., Tempelaar, D., Van Gastel, L., Vrancken, S., JasiÅ„ska, M. and VirgailaitÄ—-MeÄ kauskaitÄ—, E., 2012. A review of the role of Information Communication Technology and course design in transitional education practices.Interactive Learning Environments,20(6), pp.563-581. Roztocki, N. and Weistroffer, H.R., 2015. Information and communication technology in transition economies: an assessment of research trends.Information Technology for Development,21(3), pp.330-364. Sarkar, S., 2012. The role of information and communication technology (ICT) in higher education for the 21st century.Science,1(1), pp.30-41. Vaishnavi, V.K. and Kuechler, W., 2015.Design science research methods and patterns: innovating information and communication technology. Crc Press. Pratt, M., Sarmiento, O.L., Montes, F., Ogilvie, D., Marcus, B.H., Perez, L.G., Brownson, R.C. and Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group, 2012. The implications of megatrends in information and communication technology and transportation for changes in global physical activity.The Lancet,380(9838), pp.282-293. Sampson Jr, J.P. and Makela, J.P., 2014. Ethical issues associated with information and communication technology in counseling and guidance.International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance,14(1), pp.135-148. Stromquist, N.P. and Monkman, K. eds., 2014.Globalization and education: Integration and contestation across cultures. RL Education. Tatar, E., 2013. The effect of dynamic software on prospective mathematics teachers perceptions regarding information and communication technology.Australian Journal of Teacher Education,38(12), p.1.

Running head Business ethics an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Running head: Business ethics Abstract. With the rise and growth of capitalism as a mode of production, and the push for profit maximisation, businesses have surged forward into the corporate world with an aim of minimising expenses ( such as the cost of labour, and the operational costs ), while at the same time, maximising the profit. The above state of affairs has led to the massive cases of exploitation of citizens by the commercial world, leading also to the need to enforce business ethics. In particular, there have been cases of fraud which in turn resulted to massive collapse of renown firms such as Tyco International, Enron, WorldCom, Peregrine Systems and Adelphia. It is this state of affairs that led to the creation of the Sarbanes- Oaxley 2002 Act so as to bring in ameliorations into this tumultuous state of developments geared by human avarice. Need essay sample on "Running head: Business ethics" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Students Very Often Tell EssayLab professionals:How much do I have to pay someone to make my assignment today?Specialists advise: Essaylab.Com Offers A Top-Quality Academic EssayBuy Essays Online Write My Essay For Me Grab My Essay Review University Essay Writing Service However, with the enforcement of the business ethics and the Sarbanes- Oaxley 2002 Act, critics have emerged, citing the side effects of carrying out these stipulations. It is against this backdrop that this research paper has been written, with the principal aim of demonstrating how the pitfalls pointed out by critics can be sealed off, so that the Sarbanes- Oaxley 2002 Act can become more effective. Introduction. The Sarbanes- Oaxley 2002 Act which is also known as the Public Accounting, Auditing and Investor Protection Act, the SOX or the Sarbox Acts was enacted in the Federal Law of the United States on 30th July 2002 as a response to the preponderance in the corporate and accounting scandals. Some of the firms that had been affected included Tyco International, Enron, Worldcom, Peregrine Systems and Adelphia. The scandals were so severe in effect, to an extent that billions of dollars of share prices were forfeited, leading to the collapse of these companies and the subsequent dissipation of the national confidence in security markets. The Act was named after its sponsors, Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Oxley G. Michael, after that the Act was approved by a 423- 3 vote in the House and 99- 0 in the Senate. This development was followed by George Bush signing the bill into law, and thereby ratifying the most comprehensive American business reforms ever since the times of president Franklin D. Roosevelt. The Act operates by establishing new and quasi- public agencies such as the Public Oversight Board for Accounting Companies (PCAOB) which is given the mandate of supervising, inspecting, regulating and disciplining all the accounting firms that assume the role of auditing the records of accounts for all public companies. The Act also bolsters concepts such as the independence of auditors, internal control assessment, corporate governance and at the same time, enhances the concept of financial disclosure to the public. Research problem statement. Critics such as Ron Paul (a Congressman), have countered that SOX Law was unnecessary due to the fact that it hands the US firms a disadvantage in competing with foreign firms. The critics maintain that the same state of affairs, brought about by the law has been responsible for the driving away of businesses out of the US. Paul in his April 14th 2004 speech in the US House of Representatives, was citing the report by the Wharton Business School's findings. The lucidity of these accusations are bolstered by the fact that research conducted by the Wharton Business School released findings that, ever since the Sarbanes- Oaxley bill was passed into law, American companies have been deregistering from the US Public Stock Exchange. At the same time, it was found that in New York for instance, the New York Stock Exchange had only ten new entrants into the stock market ever since 2004. Ethics statements. This research paper mostly employs the use of academic books that have dealt on the issue of business ethics. At the same time, thoughts that have been borrowed, have been acknowledged so as to both avoid cases of plagiarism (intellectual theft) and uphold the standards of intellectual ethics. All the above measures have been taken to account, in the bid to show clearly the fact that no proper business activities can thrive without the observation of the business ethics. Purpose statements. This research paper seeks mostly to show the need for the observation of business ethics in both the corporate sector and the public sector. This paper does this by analysing the setbacks that bedevil these sectors as a result of not observing business ethics. The research paper does this by analysing the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act under the context of the US. Thoughts on how to seal the loopholes so as to fully realize the benevolence of observing of business ethics are discussed also. Significance. This paper can be deemed as relevant due to the fact that it spells out the pros and cons of adopting business ethics (in this case, the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act) by delving into the American context. This is not an end to itself since this research paper does this, while espousing the dominant aim of encouraging the observation of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act as a form of business ethics. The fine tuning of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act's modalities have also been dealt on, so as to avoid the inconsistencies and the misgivings that critics have towards the adoption of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act as a form of business ethics. CHAPTER 2 Literature review. Studies have been carried out by different authors who all have different opinions about the importance of adopting the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act as a form of business ethics. For instance, the Wharton Business School (Manz, 2003 pp. 75) in its findings from a research that it had conducted in 2006, maintains that the adoption of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act as a form of business ethics has only been instrumental in ushering in plummeted growth and development of the American Stock Market Exchange. The representatives of this school point at the fact that there has been a lot of cases of deregistration of traders in stock market. The Wharton Business School maintains that this trend has been persisting, following the signing into effect, the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. The Korn- Ferry International in the same wavelength posits that the implementation of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act has only catalyzed the reluctance on the side of small scale businesses from entering the American Stock Market Exchange. Korn- Ferry International points out that this has been due to the fact that 500 companies have been reported to have lost an average of 5.1 million as compliance expense in 2004 alone (De Vay, 2006 pp. 121). In the same vein, Foley and Lardner law firms have as a rejoinder to the above arguments against the adoption of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act pointed out that the Act has only been very instrumental in increasing the expenses of publicly held or owned companies by 130% from the time the law was enacted. Foley and Lardner law firms continue that this state of affairs has also led to giving foreign businesses an edge over local ones, due to the fact that the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act hugely rests its burdens and injunctions on local business firms, compared to the foreign firms. Other economics pundits such as John C. Dvork (Hartman, 2004 pp. 84) also argue that the adoption of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act leads to the stifling of creativity in the field of computer and technology. Dvork continues that this is likely to cause a downturn in the Information Technology sector. Dvork, a technology and computing journalist explains that this was seen in 2005 when the oldest and the most independent user group of IBM announced its speculations of closing down, citing the fact that the policies of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act was constantly exposing it to wasteful dispensation of resources. CHAPTER 3 Approach. This research study activity has been conducted mainly by analysing the scholarly books that have been written on business ethics in relation to the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act, and its underpinnings. Hypothesis. This paper has been written to prove that the adoption of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act as a way of instilling the observation of business ethics is only going to benefit the US. This is to be actualized by showing clearly, both the pros and cons of adopting Sarbanes- Oaxley Act as a form of business ethics. Causative analysis. There are different reasons that stand in the way of effective realization of business ethics. Some of these reasons are: Additional expenses being imposed on the firms. High operational costs especially for the IT firms since subscribing to the injunctions of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act requires that these firms upgrade their systems. At the same time, these firms are expected to upgrade their systems following the fact that different non IT firms depend on IT systems and controls to implement the stipulations of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. The high rate of incursion of foreign business firms at the expense of local businesses due to the fact that the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act stipulations are country specific, applying much pressure on the domestic firms. CHAPTER 3. Goals and expectations. It is expected that the majority of businesses in America are going to do well as a result of having subscribed to the laws of business ethics. This cannot be far from the truth, especially if the measures are taken to seal the loopholes of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. At the same time, the citizens are also likely to be well covered from exploitation, upon business ethics and Sarbanes- Oaxley Act being followed fully. Expected outcomes. It is expected that full enforcement of business ethics policies and the fine tuning of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act will usher in the following accruals: Cases of fraud are likely to take a plunge in the business and corporate sectors in the US. The US business sector is likely to thrive as a result of the above gain. There is likely to be the restoration of public confidence in the American Stock Market Exchange. Growth of the American Stock Exchange Market is inevitable as a result of the restoration of public confidence. CHAPTER 4. Problem statement. There are many problems that are being realised as a result of failure to totally instill the dictates of business ethics upon the business sector and failure to revise the stipulations of the of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. Some of these setbacks that are going to be encountered are: the departure of the US borne businesses from the business scene; the unproportional infiltration of foreign businesses into the American scene; and the collapse of the US Stock market. Description of selected solutions and calender plans. There should be the revision of the Title 2 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act so that the independence of the auditors should be extended to the private and foreign firms. All private and foreign business entities are to be subjected to the Title 3 of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act of Corporate responsibility. There should be the enhancement of the Title 4 Sarbanes- Oaxley Act of Enhanced financial disclosure. The concept and practice of the Title 5 of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act of Analyst conflict of interest should be also extended so that it pervades the entire corporate world. The Corporate Tax Returns of Sarbanes- Oaxley Act as the Tenth (10th) Title should also be stretched so that all businesses be made subject to its stipulations. CHAPTER 5. Discussions on recommendations. Revision of the Title 2 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. At the present, Title 2 of this Act authorises the independence of the auditors at the public sector alone. However, to ensure that the concept of egalitarianism is followed to the latter, the powers of the auditors must be extended to the private sector and the foreign companies so that these do not have an edge, at the expense of local firms and the public sector in a way that is not warranted or earned. Reviewing of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act Title 3. This act should be reviewed so that the observation of corporate responsibility be observed by both local and foreign businesses. However, since it is expedient that foreign investors be attracted, it is necessary that foreign businesses be subject to lower or manageable levels of corporate responsibility. Expanding of Title 4 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. Both the public sector and the private sector- including foreign corporations must be made to send their statements of accounts at the end of every financial year for taxation, and for investigative purposes. However, this is only possible if Title 4 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act is abrogated. Abrogation of _ Title 5 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. Title 5 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act should also be abrogated so that it is not only the officer in a business that belongs to public sector who is barred from holding certain portfolios so as to ward off cases of conflicts of interests in decision making. Businessmen in the private sector and foreign investors should also be subjected to such stipulations since these are also hugely prone to succumbing to conflicts of interests. Reviewing of Title 10 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act. As stated in the third recommendation, Title 4 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act must be abrogated so that Title 10 of collective taxation of both the private and public, local and foreign investments can be realized. Conclusion. It is now clear that implementing business ethics and specifically, the Sarbanes- Oaxley 2002 Act presents both merits and demerits in the economic sector. For instance, one of the merits is that the American Stock Exchange Market is bound to grow due to the renewed public confidence in the stock market. On the other hand, if not properly checked, the implementation of the Sarbanes- Oaxley 2002 Act as it is presently, will continue to trigger the exit of the US businesses from the American scene. The above matter must be taken as a matter of grave concern by the government since it is likely to lead to the unfavourable preponderance of foreign investments over the local ones. However, since the above state of affairs have been shown to exist as a result of the loopholes in the Sarbanes- Oaxley 2002 Act, the US government must therefore be seen to make strident measures to ratify the above recommendations so as to avert this danger. References. De Vay, D. (2006). Effectiveness of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act in combating fraud. New York: Prentice Hall. Manz, W. H. (2003). The legislative history of Title 4 of the Sarbanes- Oaxley Act: Corporate fraud _ responsibility. Michigan: Michigan University Press. Hartman, P. L. (2004). Business ethics: collective perspectives. New York: John Wiley and Sons

Discover Amazing Manta Ray Facts

Discover Amazing Manta Ray Facts Manta rays are the largest rays in the world. There are at least two species of mantas. Manta birostris is the giant oceanic manta and Manta alfredi is the reef manta. Their appearance is similar and the range of the two species overlaps, but the giant manta is more often found on the open ocean while the reef manta visits shallower, coastal waters. Fast Facts: Manta Ray Scientific Name: Manta sp.Other Names: Devil ray, Giant manta, Mobula sp.Distinguishing Features: Massive ray with a triangular shape, cavernous mouth, and paddle-shaped lobes in front of its mouthAverage Size: 7 meters (M. birostris); 5.5 m (M. alfredi)Diet: Carnivorous filter feederLifespan: Up to 50 yearsHabitat: Tropical and subtropical oceans worldwideConservation Status: Vulnerable (Population Decreasing)Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: ChondrichthyesSubclass: ElasmobranchiiOrder: MyliobatiformesFamily: MobulidaeFun Fact: Mantas regularly visit reef cleaning stations to have external parasites removed. Description The name manta means mantle or cloak, which is an accurate description of the animals form. Manta rays have triangular pectoral fins, broad heads, and gill slits on their ventral surfaces. Their horn-shaped cephalic fins have earned them the nickname devil ray. Both species of ray have small, square teeth. The species differ in the structure of their dermal denticles, color patterns, and tooth patterns. Most mantas are black or dark-colored on top with marked shoulders and pale undersides. The ventral surface may have distinctive dark marks. All-black animals also occur. M. birostris has a spine near its dorsal fin, but it is incapable of stinging. M. birostris reaches 7 m (23 ft) in width, while M. alfredi reaches 5.5 m (18 ft) in width. A large manta can weight up to 1350 kg (2980 lb). Manta rays must move forward to pass oxygenated water over their gills. The fish swim basically by flapping their pectoral fins and flying underwater. Despite their large size, mantas frequently breach into air. The fish have one of the highest brain-to-body mass ratios and are believed to be highly intelligent. Manta rays must swim forward to breathe. Gregory Sweeney / Getty Images Distribution Manta rays live in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. They have been seen as far north as North Carolina in the United States (31Â °N)Â  and as far south as New Zealand (36Â °S), although they only venture into temperate seas when the water temperature is at least 20 Â °C (68 Â °F). Both species are pelagic, found mainly in the open ocean. They are common in coastal waters from spring to fall. They migrate as far as 1000 km (620 mi) and occur at depths ranging from sea level down to 1000 m (3300 ft). During the day, manta rays swim near the surface. At night, they venture deeper. Manta ray distribution. maplab Diet Manta rays are carnivorous filter feeders that prey upon zooplankton, including krill, shrimp, and crab larvae. Mantas hunt by sight and smell. A manta herds its prey by swimming around it so the current collects the plankton. Then, the ray speeds through the ball of food with a wide-open mouth. The cephalic fins channel particles into the mouth, while the gill arches collect them. Predators Killer whales and large sharks prey upon mantas. Cookie cutter sharks, which take round cookie-shaped bites from their prey, can inflict potentially fatal damage. Rays are susceptible to a variety of parasites. They routinely visit reef cleaning stations for wound cleaning and ectoparasite removal. The ability of each fish to revisit cleaning stations is considered evidence manta rays construct mental maps of their surroundings. Reproduction Mating occurs at different times of the year and depends on the mantas geographic location. Courtship appears to involve fish swimming in trains, often during the full moon. During mating, the male almost always grasps the females left pectoral fin. He then turns so the two are belly-to-belly and inserts a clasper into her cloaca. Gestation is believed to take 12 to 13 months. The egg cases hatch inside the female. Eventually, one to two pups emerge. Females usually give birth every two years. Males mature when they are younger and smaller than females. Females usually mature around 8 to 10 years of age. Mantas may live up to 50 years in the wild. Manta Rays and Humans Historically, manta rays were worshipped or feared. It wasnt until 1978 that divers demonstrated the animals were gentle and would interact with humans. Today, some of the best success protecting manta rays has come from ecotourism. Fishing a manta for its meat, skin, or for gill rakers for Chinese traditional medicine can earn hundred of dollars. However, each ray can bring in $1 million in tourism dollars over its lifetime. Scuba divers are most likely to encounter the great fish, but tourism in the Bahamas, Hawaii, Indonesia, Australia, Spain, and other countries makes it possible for anyone to view mantas. While the rays are not aggressive, care must be taken to avoid touching the fish because disrupting its mucous layer makes it susceptible to injury and infection. Mantas are not aggressive toward humans. James R.D. Scott / Getty Images Conservation Status The IUCN Red List classifies both M. alfredi and M. birostris as vulnerable with an elevated risk of extinction. While mantas are protected by many countries, their numbers are declining because of migration through unprotected waters, overfishing, bycatch, entanglement in fishing gear, ingestion of microplastics, water pollution, boat collisions, and climate change. Local populations face a severe threat because there is little interaction between subpopulations. Because of the fishs low reproductive rate, its unlikely mantas in unprotected areas can recover, particularly from overfishing. However, a few public aquariums are large enough to house manta rays. These include the Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta, the Atlantis Resort in the Bahamas, and the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium in Japan. The aquarium in Okinawa has successfully birthed manta rays in captivity. Sources Ebert, David A. (2003). Sharks, Rays, and Chimaeras of California. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23484-0.Marshall, A. D.; Bennett, M. B. (2010). Reproductive ecology of the reef manta ray Manta alfredi in southern Mozambique. Journal of Fish Biology. 77 (1): 185–186. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02669.xParsons, Ray (2006). Sharks, Skates, and Rays of the Gulf of Mexico: A Field Guide. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-60473-766-0.White, W. T.; Giles, J.; Dharmadi; Potter, I. (2006). Data on the bycatch fishery and reproductive biology of mobulid rays (Myliobatiformes) in Indonesia. Fisheries Research. 82 (1–3): 65–73. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2006.08.008

Request for Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Request for - Scholarship Essay Example Earning for the sake of well-being of my children is the dire necessity now for this divorced mother of four children. After marriage, I was a stay at home mother without the responsibility for earning. After the bitter experience of divorce, though it was a great blow in my personal life, I began to find jobs, was employed twice, and on both the occasions was laid off. I am placed at the precarious stage of my life and I am unable to take admission to any medical course without financial assistance. At the same time, I am determined to do the course to eventually get myself qualified as a Sonographer to start with and then do a course in MRI. I have been advised by my well-wishers that if I am able to do this course from a reputed medical institution like yours that will stand me in good stead for my future career opportunities. Taking into consideration my family condition, my earnest desire to enter the health field that provides immense challenges to serve humankind, and to fulfill my long-term career goals, I request you to grant me a scholarship that will cover up the entire tuition fees and other related expenses. I shall remain ever grateful for this magnanimous act by the management of Gurnick Academy of Medical Arts. I request you treat mine as a very special

Human Resources Staffing Plan with Three Year Forecast by Quarter Essay

Human Resources Staffing Plan with Three Year Forecast by Quarter - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the management has discovered that restaurant profits are growing at a very low rate of about three percent annually and the trend is worrying. The first section of the plan shall deal with the essential matter of task identification. An effective human resources management team will be judged based on its competencies. The appropriate behaviors that employees ought to have to work are competencies. A competent framework entails a structure that defines and lays down the employee competency. The human resources must operate within a specified framework in order to view employees and restaurant s as being synonymous. The human resource team must develop a better working environment and terms for the employees to be effective at work. The aim of the company as Miss Cutter put it is business. However, people conduct the business. In other words, human resources must have what will make the employees do their work effectively. This begins wi th appreciating that employees are human and not just tools. The team should then proceed to put the right structures. Following these basics will determine the competence of the human resource framework. Most companies reduce the human resources department to handling payments and being involved in the recruitment exercise while at the same time handling salary omission complains that arise from the staff. The reason is that the human resource has limited its scope of operations by neglecting other roles. The most significant remains ensuring employees is in a perfect psychological state to increase efficiency at work. The human resources ought to carry out an evaluation of the staff based on their efficiency. By doing this, the human resources department will assume a new but rightful passion within restaurants.

Wrigley Jr. Company Essay Example for Free

Wrigley Jr. Company Essay 1.0 Introduction In June 2002 Blanka Dobrynin, a managing director of Aurora Borealis hedge fund, considers the possible gains from increasing the debt capitalization of The Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company. Blanka suggests Wrigley raise the amount of $3 billion in debt of the capitalization while Wrigley has been conservatively financed and remained no debt at the end of 2001. This report is aiming to analyze whether Wrigley should use $3 billion debt recapitalization to either pay dividends or to repurchase shares. 2.0 Current Capital Structure Generally, firms can choose among various capital structures in order to maximize overall market value of the company. It is proposed however, that Wrigley issues $3 billion in debt. According to the trade-off theory, the optimal capital structure does exist (Kraus and Litzenberger, 1973). The higher level of debt may increase both bankruptcy and financial cost that lead the firm to go or avoid bankruptcy. However, there are several advantages of raising debt capital. Firstly, tax-deductions which decrease the cost of debt. Secondly, stockholders do not have to share the profit when the firm has excess, as debt holders are limited to their fixed return. Finally, stockholders do have voting right but debt holders do not which means the stockholders are controlling the business. 3.0 The Impacts of Proposed Changes The decision to increase $3 billion debt capitalization of the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company by Blanka Dobrynin is to optimize the total value of the company. Firms are often inclined to choose debt over equity in order to use the tax shield. As the increasing of $3 billion debt in Wrigley’s capital structure, its equity value will increase by $1.2 billion due to the tax shield. Also this proposal of recapitalization will help Wrigley’s equity decrease by only $1.8 billion when they payout $3 billion debt, due to the offset by the $1.2 billion tax shield. According to our calculations, through recapitalization Wrigley’s total asset will be $14,459,826, which consists of $3,157,127 debt and $11,302,699 equity. In general, firms prefer to keep a higher level of debt/equity ratio to obtain larger total capital to increase the firm’s total value. But it is obvious that more debt means more risk and more payout. By assessing the spreadsheet, it suggests several reasons for and against the acquisition of debt. If the Wrigley’s debt increases, its credit rating will drop from AAA to BB, which leads to more cost of future financing and value of stocks. However, as debt can increase firm value up to a degree, we recommend that Wrigley’s find an optimal capital structure through further analysis of whether $3 billion of debt provides the smallest possible Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for the firm. 3.1 Flexibility and Reserves According to Denis (2011), financial flexibility is the ability of a firm to make decisions and handle problems timely. Moreover, the firm should always maximize their firm value on any unexpected changes in investment opportunity and cash flows of the firm. In addition, the firm should prudently raise their capital in the good times to avoid stretching their capabilities too far, and in order to preserve their ability to choose to either borrow or issue equity in future times of need. Therefore, the lower level of firm’s debt, the more financial flexibility a firm has (Investopedia, 2014). Due to that $3 billion new debt existing, the financial flexibility of Wrigley will decline; this financial activity leads to lower ability to borrow money in the future if there are any profitable investment opportunities or any unexpected internal or external shocks. 3.2 The Book and Market Price per Share As is visible from the Appendix One, the decision of how to use the funds raised through debt is an important one as it will impact both the price per share and the book value per share. The price per share will decrease to $48.63 if the debt raised is used to pay out a dividend (decrease in the value of equity), whereas the price per share will increase to $61.53 if it is used to repurchase shares. However, the issuance of debt can have signalling effects for investors. Generally, when firms issue debt it signals to investors that the firm is in a good financial situation as the firm is able to undertake repayments of future interest. Furthermore, the clientele effect can impact the stock price because it assumes that the investors are attracted to the company for its policies and when these change the investors will react and adjust their stock accordingly (Moles Terry, 2005). In addition to this, the issuance of debt and repurchase of stock could signal to investors that managers believe the stock in undervalued. Despite this change in price, the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) will give a more accurate representation of what the change in capital structure implies for the firm, by taking account the costs of debt. 3.3 Weighted Average Cost of Capital Before recapitalisation Wrigley’s WACC was equal to it’s cost of equity (ke), which was calculated at 10.95%. After capitalisation it was found that Wrigley’s WACC decreased to 10.29%. This follows the general pattern of increasing debt resulting in a lower WACC. The cost of debt (kd) rate of 13% was used after we assessed the key industrial financial ratios and compared  them with that of Wrigley’s (See Appendix 2) to conclude that it was in the range between the BB rate of 12.753% and B 14.663% (see Appendices 3 4). Although WACC has decreased, which means that every $1 that Wrigley raises in capital from investors it must pay at least $10.30 in return, it’s Beta has increased from 0.75 to 0.87. This means that Wrigley’s investment is still less volatile than the market, but it has become more in line with the market after recapitalisation. However Beta will not incorporate the risk of financial distress that becomes present once Wrigley have taken out the debt. 4.0 Conclusions and Recommendations Therefore, from our analysis we know that an increase in debt can have adverse affects on flexibility and can have costs associated such as bankruptcy, agency and distress costs, however, due to the tax shield affects and the decrease in WACC we believe there should an increase in the level of debt. In addition, the share price change is not consistent with the change in WACC and it could be assumed that the distress costs associated with the increase in debt would mean the price would actually remain relatively steady to reflect the negligible change. We recommend that Wrigley issue $3 billion of debt in the form of share repurchase plan because this scenario has no defining impact upon WACC – slightly decreasing from 10.95% to 10.29%, and as a company’s main goal is to increase its’ shareholders value. Furthermore there are fewer risks in terms of clientele effect and signalling effect, while also allowing the Wrigley family to maintain their control with their high portion of shares. However, we recommend further analysis to determine what is the optimal level of debt by finding the lowest possible WACC, and therefore maximising the company’s value. 5.0 Reference List DeAngelo, H., DeAngelo, L., Whited T.M., (2011) Capital structure dynamics and transitory debt. Journal of Financial Economics, 99, 235–261. Denis, D J. (2011) Financial flexibility and corporate liquidity. Journal of Corporate Finance, 17(3), 667-674. Franco Modigliani; Merton H. Miller . (Jun., 1958) The American Economic Review, Vol. 48, No. 3. , pp. 261-297. Investopedia. (2014). Complete Guide To Corporate Finance. Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/walkthrough/corporate-finance/5/capital-structure/capital-structure.aspx Investopedia (2014). Optimal Capital Structure. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/optimal-capital-structure.asp. [Last Accessed 19 Aug 2014]. Kraus, A. and R. Litzenberger (1973). A State-Preference model of optimal financial leverage. Journal of Finance, Vol. 28, pp. 911-922. Moles, P., Terry, N. (2005). Clientele effect. The Handbook of International Finance Terms. Retrieved from http://www.oxfordreference.com.ezp01.library.qut.edu.au/view/10.1093/acref/9780198294818.001.0001/acref-9780198294818-e-1351 Myers, S.C. (2001). Capital structure. Journal of Economic Perspective, Vol. 15, pp. 81-102. Tsuji, C. (2012) A discussion on the signalling hypothesis of dividend poilcy. The Open Business Journal, 5, 1-7. Retrieved from http://benthamopen.com/tobj/articles/V005/1TOBJ.pdf

Huck Finn :: essays research papers

Satire in Huck Finn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the first few chapters of Huckleberry Finn, we can see traces of satirical elements begin to emerge from within the story. The very first satirical scene occurs after Tom plays a trick on Jim, Miss Watson’s slave. Huck goes on to describe how Jim reacts to finding his hat hung on a limb above his head. â€Å"Afterwards Jim said the witches bewitched him and put him in a trance, and rode him all over the State, and then set him under the trees again and hung his hat on a limb to show who done it.† This note that Huck makes may have served a humorous purpose during older times, when Blacks were stereotypically superstitious. This also shows Jim’s gullibility and is referred to later on in the story.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the first eleven chapters of the story, the only evident character and element in the story being satirized is Jim and the simple stereotypes of an African American living in Finn’s and Clemens’ time. Jim is once again satirized in chapter ten, where he is bitten after Huck places a dead snake near his blanket. Jim, being superstitious, chides Huck after he touches a snakeskin earlier in the story. Huck ignores this and places a dead snake at the foot of Jim’s blanket one night and Jim gets bitten in the foot by the dead snake’s mate. This portion of the book once again satirizes Jim’s superstition and adds to the element of humor in the story by describing the treatment that Jim applies to his foot after he is bitten. â€Å"He was barefooted, and the snake bit him right on the heel. That all comes of my being such a fool as to not remember that whenever you leave a dead snake its mate always comes there and curls around it. Jim told me to chop off the snake’s head and throw it away, and then skin the body and roast a piece of it.

Hershey Essay

The Hershey’s company mission is â€Å"Bringing sweet moments of Hershey happiness to the world every day. † Hershey’s mission statement is short and sweet. They are able to address the majority of the nine components of the mission Statement with one sentence. Their customers are the world, their product is Hershey, their market is the world, their philosophy is to bring happiness, and their self-concept is that they perceive themselves as a company that can bring happy moments to individuals who use their products across the world everyday. There are nine component of mission statement ,whisch is Customers, Products/Services, Geographic Markets, Technology, Concern for Survival, Philosophy, Public Image and EmployeesDistinctive Competence. The mission statement needs to include some description of the function of the business. For example, â€Å"to promote industrial excellence,† tells customers and employees nothing. A more effective description would be â€Å"To provide management consulting services. † An effective mission statement sets out, in broad terms, the target market. A manufacturer that makes nuts and bolts might set its target market as retail hardware stores, machine manufacturers, or both. The business must determine what region it serves best and relay that information by way of the mission statement. A garage, for example, might limit its target region to the community while a magazine company might target an entire country. Mission statements typically include a statement of company values. Values such as customer service, efficiency and eco-consciousness often appear on lists of company values. At their best, company values should express principles the company explicitly tries to affirm in day-to-day operations. For businesses that rely heavily on technology, the mission statement should include a description of the essential technology the company does or plans to employ. If nothing else, this directs purchasing agents toward the appropriate vendors for goods and services. Every company has a policy regarding its relationship with employees. A mission statement provides an opportunity to describe that policy in brief so employees know the essentials of where they stand. Effective mission statements also include a brief description of the business’s strategic position within the market. For example, the company might excel at serving residential clients and seek to maximize that strategic advantage. For for-profit ventures, businesses require clear financial objectives. A start-up company might set one of its financial objectives as making an initial public offering of common stock within two years. This lets the employees and potential investors know the company intends to go public, with all of the legal and record keeping ramifications that entails. Like people, companies develop public images. Careful companies craft the public image they want to establish and lay out the major features of it in the mission statement. This helps managers direct employees that stray from the sanctioned public image. Hershey’s objectives * To promote the health benefits of Hershey Chocolate * Help the consumers change their mind-set that chocolates are unhealthy * To spread awareness and increase sales of product Critically analysis the strategic objective of Hersheys company. Answer : Hersheys as the popular chocolate company has provided a good list of objectives of their company. Firstly, Hersheys company try to give an effort on promoting the health benefits of their product to shared it with thier customer. For the example, Hersheys company win their customer by influence them to make a choice Hersheys chocolate as the best healthy chocolate. This parallel to the second objective of Hersheys company that to bring hope to help the consumers to change their mind-set about the unhealthy of taking chocolate. So that, by implement the first and second strategy Hersheys company can increase sales of product and spread awareness well. Based on Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Responsible person and Time specific (SMART) Hersheys Company not follow the technique wisely. For the Specific part, Hershey company fail to specific their goals. They must try to answer the questions of how much and what kind with each goal writen. On part Measurable, the company must set the goals that stated in quantifiable terms, or otherwise they’re only good intentions. Measurable goals facilitate management planning, implementation, and control. Hershey shown the implement to getting the customers that has mind-set of chocolate is a healthy junk food. Besides that, the third aspect of SMART technique is Attainable that talk about the goals must provide a stretch that inspires people to aim higher and make sure the goals must be achievable, or they’re a set-up for failure. For the Hershey company, they objective or goals that want to change customer mind-set about taking chocolate is a good habits that inspired their customers to increase their loyalty. Fourth aspect is the responsible person or group of department to take the responsibility to run the objectives. The goals must be assigned to a person or a department. But just because a person is assigned to a goal doesn’t mean that she’s solely responsible for its achievement. Hershey company did not state clearly who or what department must take the important part of implement the objective of the company. Lastly, aspect of time specific which is reference to time, the goals must include a timeline of when the goals should be accomplished. The Hershey did not state it in their objective. This is make the goals can become flexible to achieve that never based on time setting. Besides that, Hershey company also has their own strategy as an backup of their objective which is entering new market in Canada, United States, Mexico,Brazil and other international locations(India,The Philippines ,Japan and China), producing new products with new brand name, expanding its global presence via joint venture and merger, supporting environmental and social projects, increase sales using promotional materials and the last is roducing healthy chocolates.

Iv. Optimizing Availability Provisioning In Nfv . Even

IV. OPTIMIZING AVAILABILITY PROVISIONING IN NFV Even though the efficiency is greatly improved, our framework is still impractical in the sense that the process can be further prolonged with 1) a even higher availability requirement, which is normal in a carrier-class network [18] (usually requires an availability of 99.999% or 99.9999% (5’9s or 6’9s)); 2) more requests; and 3) longer contract period duration. The root cause the process takes such a long time is it depends on the strategy we use to provision backups and how many backups are needed. In other words, if we can accurately estimate the least possible number of backups needed without running the trial-and-error process, a great amount of running time can be saved. The process†¦show more content†¦Let _rk = P[Nr i = kr], kr = 0; 1; : : : ; nri + kr i be the probability mass function (pmf) for the Poisson binomial random variable Nr i , then the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of Nr i , denoted by FNr i (kr) = P[Nr i _ kr], kr = 0; 1; : : : ; nri +kr i , gives the probability of having at most kr successes out of a total of nri + kr i , and can be written as [26]: where Rm is the set of all subsets of m integers that can be selected from f1; 2; : : : ; nri + kr i g, and Ac is the complement of set A. Therefore, we have Thus, the probability that all the VNFs are available can be expressed as However, computing such a function is not easy, which requires one to enumerate all elements in Rm, which requires to consider an exponential number of scenarios. It is huge even when nri +kr i is small. In general, we can have the following theorem: Theorem 1. Verifying if the availability of a given deployed SFC request with backups is above a given threshold is PPcomplete. Proof. The detailed proof is ignored here due to the limited space. In general, we can rewrite Eq. (6) as a boolean formular, where xj and _ xj represent if the j-th VM is available or not, while Q and P are replaced by ^ and _, respectively. Then the proof follows as in [13]. To efficiently compute the availability of an SFC if